Friday, 27 May 2011

Split-Attention Elements and Students' Learning in Multimedia Environments


The research project investigates the effects of multimedia learning environments (MLEs) that divide attention of learners (split-attention effect) compared to MLEs that cater for such phenomenon on the learning experiences of the learner.  It aims to look at the effects on the cognitive load of the learner when attention is split between multiple sources of information. It also looks at the differences in performance and depth of understanding of the subject matter when two groups of students use the learning environments to learn the same content.

It was surprisingly found that although students who used the split-attention learning environment were subjected to increased cognitive load, they performed better in the learning activities and all of them achieved above average marks in contrary to those in the non split-attention environment. From the findings of the current research, it is perceived that although split-attention elements in multimedia environments would increase cognitive load, it did not specifically affect performance and understanding.

On the other hand, a combination of elements like previous subject matter knowledge, learning preferences, degree of learner control over the learning process and the type of assessment methods used can be determining factors that can improve the overall learning experience including learner performance.

112 comments:

  1. I think there is a threshold above which cognitive load starts decreasing performance.I think when attention is split into 12 different things then that performance starts decreasing.

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  2. Apart from learning skill, we have to be prepared for the world of professionalism; which is not an obvious one, whereby poly valency is demanded!

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  3. Learning is basically the stimulation of our senses in order to convey information. It can be concluded that the more we stimulate the senses the more we are able to convey information. This i think may be the reason why the students in the split attention environment got better results. However the stimulation must aim to help the student to learn and not to disturb him. Searching for answers is the best way to learn, hence the students in the split environments had to search through the platform to get the information they needed.

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  4. Split-attention MLE targets effects on the cognitive load of the scholar when attention is split between multiple sources of information. Current research uncovered greater extent of performance, deeper understanding _ my view is same_ in contrast to non-spilt MLE based on learner's experiences. To end, factors like tests methods, previous topics, learning preferences can contribute to the furtherance of Education in MLE.

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  5. I partly agree to what you’ve said. In fact, it depends on the individual to choose what and the number of sources from which he/she wants to extract information. Moreover, it is more helpful and interesting for the seeker to look for information from various sources. When we are speaking of the use of MLEs, we must be information-oriented and strongly look for the maximum of sources to achieve good understanding of the topic under search, no matter if it takes to look to 12 different things; at the end of the day, the seeker is gaining more knowledge and can therefore critically think and better communicate with his/her peers.

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  6. I partly agree to what you’ve said. In fact, it depends on the individual to choose what and the number of sources from which he/she wants to extract information. Moreover, it is more helpful and interesting for the seeker to look for information from various sources. When we are speaking of the use of MLEs, we must be information-oriented and strongly look for the maximum of sources to achieve good understanding of the topic under search, no matter if it takes to look to 12 different things; at the end of the day, the seeker is gaining more knowledge and can therefore critically think and better communicate with his/her peers.

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  7. Split attention effect is the division of attention of learners whereas multimedia learning environments(MLEs) cater for the learning experience of the learner. It aims at knowing the effect on the learner when attention is split between multiple sources of information and also to know the extent of understanding and performance of two groups of students using the learning environments to learn the same content. It is seen that students using split-attention learning environment perform much better in learning activities compared to the non-split attention environment. Research found that split-attention elements in multimedia environment not necessarily affect performance and understanding as learning performance can also be increased due to previous subject matter and tyo of assessment methods, etc.

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  8. In my opinion,the split attention method mainly aims at developing a learner's understanding power and how focused he/she can be whereas the multimedia learning environment (MLEs) is set to enhance the learning experience of the learner. The division of students into two groups, is to see that how much attention they can pay to the subject given and how they can make use of the different sources of information available. Indirectly, the split method is making the learners to work on their own, to understand what information they should look for and hence performing better. They can compare their notes with the other group. The MLEs is also a break from the traditional teaching method as some times colours, sounds and pictures can make learning become more interesting.

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  9. Our ability to process information is a multi_step process that involves the attention, selection, organization and integration of information. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting whereby the students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge.

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  10. Our ability to process information is a multi_step process that involves the attention, selection, organization and integration of information. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting whereby the students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge.

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  11. Our ability to process information is a multi_step process that involves the attention, selection, organization and integration of information. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting whereby the students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge

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  12. My point of views is that, split-attention effect is a very good way to learn the same content. Learners will get an overview of what they learn and how they can make use of different sources of information available. It depends on how learners will be able to accumulate information and split-attention effect can be an alternative route for a better understanding from traditional ones and sometimes to make learning interesting it should be well presented.

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  13. We should not neglect the fact that when learners work both their auditory memory and their visual memory at the same time, they can be too overloaded. Using the visual to represent both the signified and the signifier can be too much for the learners. When they pay attention to the text, they may miss important information in the animations and when they concentrate themselves too much in the animations, they may miss the text.

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  14. Split attention effect involves the division of learners’ attention so as to look at the effects on the cognitive load, performances and depth of understanding of learners whereas multimedia learning environments deals with the learning experiences of learners. Compared to students using non split attention environment, the performances in learning activities of students using the split attention environment might be better, due to increase in cognitive load. This is because these students are exposed to many different sources of information. But, increase in cognitive load does not necessarily affect the understanding and thus performances. However, regular assessments, revisions on previous chapters and learning preferences might help to improve the performances of learners.

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  15. Our ability to process information is a multi_step process that involves the attention, selection, organization and integration of information. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting whereby the students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge

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  16. Our ability to process information is a multi_step process that involves the attention, selection, organization and integration of information. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting whereby the students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge

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  17. Our ability to process information is a multi_step process that involves the attention, selection, organization and integration of information. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting whereby the students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge

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  18. A combination of elements mentioned definitely improve the overall learning experience including learner performance. Split-attention learning environment increases cognitive load but yet, it also facilitates learning with the help of technology thereby grasping attention of learners’ more easily.
    It’s very important to be able to cope with split attention as this will be largely beneficial at work where it is essential to be polyvalent. Split attention trains the subconscious mind a lot.
    We need to understand that every student has different learning capacities, therefore each of them has a limit to which they can tolerate cognitive load.

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  19. Our ability to process information is a multi_step process that involves the attention, selection, organization and integration of information. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting whereby the students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge

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  20. Our ability to process information is a multi_step process that involves the attention, selection, organization and integration of information. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting whereby the students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge

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  21. The term multimedia conjures up a variety of meanings. You might think of sitting in a room where images are presented on one or more screens and music presented using speakers-that is multimedia as a live performance. Alternatively you might think of sitting in front of a computer screen that present graphics on the screen along with spoken words from the computer`s speakers that also is multimedia as an online lesson. Other possibilities include watching a video on a television screen while listening to the corresponding words, music and sounds or watching a PowerPoint presentation. While the multimedia component characterized the presence of text, pictures, sound, animation and video, all of which organized into some coherent program, the 'interactive' component defines the process of empowering the user to control the environment usually by a computer. Multimedia is essentially a linear medium of information even though it is often capable of random access in terms of physical medium. The split-attention effect is a learning effect inherent within some poorly designed instructional materials. It is apparent when the same modality for e.g. visual is used for various types of information within the same display. To learn from these materials learners must split their attention between these materials to understand and use the materials provided learner when attention is split between multiple sources of information. It is a great advantage where different students can use the learning environments to study and understand the same content. The way that we stimulate our senses in order to convey information helps us to learn in a better way. Therefore in the split attention environment we have to stimulate the senses more to convey more information and that’s why the students in that environment got better results. Split attention targets effects on the cognitive load of the scholar when attention is split between multiple sources of information. Once you know your own natural learning preference, you can work on expanding the way you learn, so that you can learn in other ways, not just in your preferred style. And, by understanding learning styles, you can learn to create an environment in which everyone can learn from you, not just those who use your preferred style.

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  22. As ravi luckhun has said, it can sometimes also be accepted that apart from the learning skills we have, we also have to learn lots more skills for example we have to be prepared also for the world of professionalism where it is not so obvious sometimes. For example we have to know how to conduct, have aims and qualities that characterize or mark a profession or a professional person. A high level of professionalism is expected when working with clients. When one has professionalism, he/she is highly respected. From professionalism we also get a character, spirit and status. We learn also a lot of qualities for example how to be polyvalent.

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  23. Usually if the cognitive load is reduced, it facilitates and enhances learning. In this research project however, it shows the contrary. This might be because the cognitive load aims at teaching students’ problem solving skills, thinking and reasoning skills. This way of leaning optimizes the intellectual performance of the students as the latter only consist of guidelines and thus encourages the student’s activities.

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  24. To George: I agree with your point of view. The split attention effect helps students to understand and grasp the topic in a different way by increasing their learning efficiency. However, not all students would prefer split-attention because of their learning capabilities.

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  25. Khooshal Ramrekha24 October 2011 at 20:59

    My opinion is in accordance to the above statement and I believe that MLEs with split-attention elements can contribute largely for a better comprehension.With different media that is text, audio and diagrams all together will certainly be more beneficial as for example is someone missed or did not understand properly the audio part , he/she can still catch up with the visual part(and vice versa).But I also deduced that to some extent some explanation requires some human interaction where MLEs will lack in these situation.

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  26. I believe that even though MLEs with a learning support caterer is giving better results, those without this support are better learners since they have no limited resource and are able to explore everything by themselves. As we say nature is the best teacher, let the curious nature of students lead them to the answers then it will only be a matter of time for these students to be well ahead of those with split attention environment. Of course it is true that other factors like the type of assessment method, learning preferences, degree of learner control over learning process and subject matter knowledge also govern the performance of students.

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  27. First of all, I would like to confirm that I agree completely on the determining factors that can improve the overall learning experience and learner performance mentioned. However, I feel that the split-attention between multiple sources of information did have an effect on the performance and understanding of students who used it. That is, since they faced several sources of information, I think that this helped them a lot for memorisation and could also compare between the information and extract the best knowledge out of these. Whereas the non-split attention students faced only one source of information which resulted to some information only and could not compare between anything other information. But the main factor that helps students to give high performance is definetely as mentioned, the learning preferences. Whatever be the case of students, that is whatever method used to try to help them perform well, if they are not interested in the learning subject, they would definitely let go of it.

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  28. I think any increase in cognitive resources required to process split-attention materials decreases resources avalaible for learning since a learner has a limited working memory capacity. Only a few elements of information can be processed at a time. Too many elements may overburden our brain, hence decreasing its effectiveness.

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  29. Of course Ashvina, it all depends on their ability to cope with their studies and their capacity to memorize certain things also.

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  30. I would rather say that MLE, through split-attention, has certainly benefited students and enhance effectiveness and performance, yet it should also be noted that our brain has got restricted amount of memory to cope with such cognitive load!!Information boom might adversely influence in trying to help!
    Better let the students themselves choose their way of learning!

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  31. I must affirm that i totally agree with Queenie on the fact that if the student have no interest in the subject then whatever methods are used, there will not be any fruitful results at the end!
    Instead multimedia learning must become a motivating factor to encourage leaning!

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  32. Split-attention’s effect is to see how much an individual can analyze and process information. For example, in mathematical calculations like algebra, the integration of text to diagrams reduces the cognitive load and facilitates learning since learners are required to divide their attention between different sources of information. On the other hand, multimedia learning environment, cater for the split-attention effect on the learning experiences of the learner, that is, text, picture, videos, animations can be used to increase performance of learners.

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  33. The integration of text and diagrams reduces cognitive load and facilitates learning of students as they understand better the subject. It is found that students viewing integrated instruction spent less time processing the materials but still outperformed students in the split attention condition. Students learn better when corresponding words and pictures are presented near rather than far from each other on the page or screen.

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  34. According to me,the ability of a teenager to processs information is somehow limited to a certain extent as it involves lots of attention and comprehension also. Using the multimedia learning environment, the brain is able to process the information that is being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting as students have to look for information, thus gaining more knowledge for example in doing research works.

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  35. Students learn better when corresponding words and pictures are presented simultaneously than successively. However the principle only applies when multiple sources of information are unintelligible in isolation. Split attention only applies to high element interactivity material. Learner characteristics must be taken into account to determine levels of cognitive load. Thus it cannot work at every level.

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  36. Geraldine Labonne26 October 2011 at 17:41

    The split-attention effect occurs when a person is required to process two or more varied sources of information simultaneously. Split-attention effect occurs typically in online learning when an explanation is displayed on one part of the screen, while a visual, such as a diagram or animation, is presented on another part of the screen. In the case of multimedia learners, they can integrate words and pictures more easily when the words are presented auditorily rather than visually. This is another split-attention which is consistent with a dual-processing model of working memory consisting of separate visual and auditory channels.

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  37. Khooshal Ramrekha26 October 2011 at 20:11

    Pooja Surajbally stated an interesting point, in fact Education is not about excelling in exams or test but actually it is about learning and those students using split-attention MLE's might have had better result but is doesn't mean they have understood the course better than those who haven't used split-attention MLE's.The outcome of the test might simply be that the students using split-attention have remembered more of the course and still doesn't mean they've understood the content.

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  38. You are completely right Queenie, as the preference of the student is very determinant on the way the student would give himself and the amount of effort he would spend to understand.

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  39. Split-Attention effect, taken as a prime consideration, has proved to have risen up the cognitive load. The students have improved their performances. They have a deeper understanding of the subject matter and they achieved better marks which are above average. I agree that there is an enormous difference in learning activities between split-attention and non split-attention environment. A split-attention effect in multimedia learning is the evidence for dual processing systems in working memory. Learners can integrate words and pictures more easily when the words are presented auditory rather than visually. Thus student’s observational skills increase. This split-attention effect is consistent with a dual-processing model of working memory consisting of separate visual and auditory channels. This rather gives a good cultivation of mind and an acquisition of skills.

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  40. Article 2: Split-Attention Elements and Students' Learning in Multimedia Environments
    Split-Attention is an important structuring method whereby more attentions are given to the subject referred. Suppose we take a diagram we want to discuss and we comment at the bottom of the diagram. This would be misleading for the viewers; the comment should be well placed in the diagram where it is concerned. We also refer to effects which can focus more attention to the subject such as blinking, bright colored arrows and also position of text in the diagram. It is natural that anyone can remember an animation more than a dull text below a diagram. Animation brings more effectiveness of the subject and remembering it becomes easier.

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  41. It is easier for a student to process and analyse facts and data through split attention rather than in multimedia environment. Student must be more alert when learning in the later. In split attention, one may ask questions which can be cleared instantly. So, this may improve academic performance and change their way of thinking

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  42. To Nirvashi:
    You are right about the fact that the integration of text and diagrams reduces cognitive load and facilitates learning. But on the other way it can also be very helpful to the student as he can have a better view of the problem and can easily know how to resolve it. However it has been found that students viewing integrated instruction spent less time processing the materials but still outperformed students in the split attention condition. Thus both method may be used in learning.

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  43. To dourga unmole:
    You are right that split attention is much easier to understand that multimedia learning. However it was found learners that studied worked examples, performed significantly better than learners who actively solved problems. Animated demonstrations are useful because this multimedia presentation combines the worked example, and modality effects within a single instructional strategy. As it turns out, worked examples are not appropriate for all learners. But both split attention and multimedia learning are very useful.

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  44. Reply to khooshal Ramrekha: thanks a lot for your critical appreciation.

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  45. I agree completely with Khooshal Ramrekha that split-attention elements can contribute largely for a better comprehension as the use of different media that is text, audio and diagrams. Correctly said that missing one point can be viewed and seen later on. still i feel the missing part of this innovation as still students are being cut from human interaction as he said and personally this could lead to failures.

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  46. My point of views is that, split-attention effect is a very good way to learn .They have a deeper understanding of the subject matter and they achieved better marks which are above average.the brain is able to process the information that is being delivered whereas the split attention can be quite interesting as students have to look for information,

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  47. I don't think that Split-Attention is the best way to make teaching easier, or at least not for everyone. It is true that we remember sounds, animations and basically visual better than just a bold text, but in some circumstances, we can't change the way we do the things. Split-attention structures should be used for very specific subjects where one have to assimilate very basic information as teaching very complicated topics or subjects using such a structure wouldn’t be very constructive in the end.

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  48. in split-attention situations words and pictures are both presented visually, learners are able to select fewer pieces of relevant information because visual working-memory is overloaded. Students learned better when pictorial information was accompanied by verbal information presented in an auditory (different modality presentation) rather than a visual modality (same modality presentation).

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  49. In split-attention situations words and pictures are both presented visually, learners are able to select fewer pieces of relevant information because visual working-memory is overloaded. Students learned better when pictorial information was accompanied by verbal information presented in an auditory (different modality presentation) rather than a visual modality (same modality presentation).

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  50. In split-attention situations words and pictures are both presented visually, learners are able to select fewer pieces of relevant information because visual working-memory is overloaded. Students learned better when pictorial information was accompanied by verbal information presented in an auditory (different modality presentation) rather than a visual modality (same modality presentation).

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  51. From the investigation carried out, it has been found that MLEs benefits the learning process. Using several types of delivery system for a single task apparently stimulates the brain to work harder (“increase cognitive load”) and thus assimilate better. After the study, it is now clear that supplementing a regular lecture for example, with elements such as audio, video and even interactivity, can lead to better understanding by the students. This further leads to better grades and more importantly to a memorable knowledge acquirement.

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  52. According to me,the split attention aims at developing the learner's understanding power and how focused he can be.On the other hand,the multimedia learning environment embellishes the learner's learning experience.As everything is being computerized nowadays it is important to include the multimedia learning process as this facilitates the learning process.

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  53. @Jeet Murdan, I agree that there is a certain limit to the human brain to the amount of information being received and processed at one time. However, in my humble opinion, I believe that the aim of MLEs is to complement traditional methods by adding elements that will make the information intake by students more interesting. Like adding audio, video, and interactivity to traditional lectures (slide-shows and long talks).

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  54. Reena Hansa Seebocus27 October 2011 at 21:44

    In my opinion, multimedia learning environment(MLE) has innovated the method of teaching and learning. Statistics have proved that, learners learning through MLE's obtain better results, and are not stressed out like those not following the MLE program. However, there are also some learners, who have obtained better results whilst working on their own capability, without being dependent on MLE. Eventually, it is evident that, learning is basically governed by: the learning preferences, degree of learner control over learning process, type of assessment method.

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  55. Reena Hansa Seebocus27 October 2011 at 21:52

    I do agree with Khooshal Ramrekha that with the advent of MLE in the field of pedagogy, learning has become much easier. Learning can be done at any point of time; be it in the morning or at night. Students do not need to follow the same routine everyday, thus, they can have more time allocated for themselves. However, the negative aspect of this new form of learning is the decrease in communication skill among people.

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  56. SACHEETABYE GUNNOO27 October 2011 at 23:34

    By definition the split-attention effect is a learning effect inherent within some poorly designed instructional materials. The learning process is very complex and depends on the learner`s ability to assimilate and process the facts. We should agree that every learner study at his/her own paste.
    Reading this article made me ponder on the various advantages that this new advent of introducing "learning in multimedia environment".
    I agree with the above statement! Students who were subjected to the split thing have developed better skills to acquire knowledge from different sources ;With different media that is text, audio and diagrams all together will certainly be more beneficial as for example is someone missed or did not understand properly the audio part , he/she can still catch up with the visual part(and vice versa).

    In contrast i would also point it out that it is face to face interaction is also important in the process of learning!

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  57. preetheela neermul27 October 2011 at 23:37

    From the findings of the comparative study carried out on MLEs catering for split attention v/s MLEs not catering for split attention, it can be deduced that those who worked under the split attention MLEs achieved better in terms of performance and marks despite being under increased cognitive load.

    However from the findings of current research it was perceived that even though cognitive load would increase, in such MLEs performance and understanding was not affected.

    Indeed here the conclusion that can be derived is that apart from split attention elements there are other factors or elements that can be considered individually or in combination of other elements that can affect the learner or the learning experience.
    These factors (like previous knopwledge, learning preferences, learner control ) are rather learner dependant and quite independent of the MLE , save for assesment methods.

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  58. preetheela neermul27 October 2011 at 23:38

    to Alexandrine and Khooshal's comments:
    Well there is logic in Alexendrinne’s statement but I do not quite agree, as research, previous knowledge and my own practical experience also has shown me that on the contrary visual information is an enhancement to textual written information. Visual information is more easily grasped, understood and remembered, be it in a primary school classroom situation or in adult teaching class. If both visual and written infoirmation is available, then learning is surely enhanced. As such I am of the same opinion with Khooshal about the benefits of offering a combination of texts, audio and visual information to the learner. The deduction about human presence is also quite interesting but this human presence can also be disruptive, whereby attention of learner gets focussed more on the teacher than on what SHE is saying! The pace the teacher adopts to teach, speak and explain also might play an important role in the learning process. For instance if the teacher is too quick, or slow learning might be affected.

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  59. It is known that when we receive the same information from different sources our mind are more prompt to remember and understand the piece of information more practically as the same message was delivered to us in many compact forms so as we understand the practical meaning behind each and every sentence.that is why we often say that self learning is the best way to understand the concept of our subject as apart from the lecturer, we have another source where information on the same topic is provided, examples: books and internet. if we glance at all three notes differently given to us but with the same idea behind, obviously we will understand better and with a proper and wider range of views.

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  60. What you said Queeny is right. first of all, for a student to learn a topic better he/she must be interested in that particular topic. And secondly, having different sources of information indeed allows the student to compare and chose his way to learn about the information provided to him. then only will he be able to increase his critical thinking and form his opinion.

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  61. Multimedia learning environments with split attention elements will always be prompting students to look forward to greater observation of knowledge. Of course, this will result in an increased in cognitive load, but this is how one will go further more in resources made available to him to enhance performance with greater understanding and more precise use of these multiple sources of information. For me, this surely will improve overall performance in learning. Yet, some may get loss in irrational thinking and get perturb because of low perception of data by them. However, MLEs provide information that can be easily assimilated by everyone. And even with the split-attention effect, this should still be the case if provided information is complete.

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  62. I'm in the same of thinking of pR, from different sources of information one can compare and develop a new skills and brings improvement along the way learning is done but that's depends again on the student.

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  63. Undoubtedly,MLE through split attention learning elements has helped students to increase their level of understanding,performance and experience as well..but it is also a fact that students prefer to study in their own ways and also to find new methods to make learning easier and interesting.

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  64. I agree with QUEENI, as the predilection of student is extremely determinant on the way the student would give himself and the quantity of effort he would use up to comprehend

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  65. The article concentrate much on the differences which arises between multimedia learning and the split attention effect.
    Depending on the relevant information available in this article tend to be the more reliable one.In addition,multimedia compared to split attention environment doesn't only focus on the ability of acquiring information effectively for learning ,it eventually helps to develop the academic performance and intelligence of the student.To conclude,the two learning environments was targeted to help the student to succeed in their academic studies but it depends also on the envy and motivation of the student himself to work.

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  66. I would indeed agree that the determining factors in the article must be the reasons behind the good grades of students in the multimedia learning environments (MLEs). Nevertheless, I would also point out the fact that the use of pictures, videos, animations and so on can be inspirational. This may be motivating students to pay more attention to the subject however bulky it may be. This is why their performance may have been better despite the load. They have learnt to use the split-attention effect to their own advantage.

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  67. I would most certainly agree with what Niven has said. Students prefer learning own their own but this is not the case for everyone. Some do need personal assistance as well. Moreover a person cannot always depend on himself or his peers for help. The advice of an expert is also required in certain circumstances.

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  68. I would most certainly agree with Niven. Students do prefer learning on their own but this is not applicable for all students. Some need personal assistance as well in their work. Moreover, it cannot be ignored that a person cannot depend only on himself and his peers. The advice of an expert may also be required at times.

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  69. It is true that split attention effect causes a higher cognitive load of working memory, and therefore impedes learning process; however, by combining auditory and visual information sources in multimedia systems, we can promote learning processes especially for learners with low prior knowledge. This will as well help learners build more accurate and effective mental models than they do from text alone.

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  70. I agree with karishma, it is easy for a student to process multimedia learning but nowadays everything is computerized, so it is better we adapt ourselves to new technologies.

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  71. multimedia will actually be indeed very helpful in learning as pictures,video,sounds would normally help in making the person understands better however split-attention principle states that when designing instruction, including multimedia instruction, it is important to avoid formats that require learners to split their attention between, and mentally integrate multiple sources of information that are separate in temporal or physical dimensions/locations.

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  72. Multimedia compared to split attention environment doesn't only focus on the ability of acquiring information effectively for learning, it eventually helps to develop the academic performance and intelligence of the student. I would also point out the fact that the use of pictures, videos, animations and so on can be inspirational. This may be motivating students to pay more attention to the subject however bulky it may be.

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  73. Split-Attention effect is a learning effect inherent within some poorly designed instructional materials. It is apparent when the same modality is used for various types of information within the same display. It increases our ability to process information. It might help to improve the performances of learners as it can be an alternative route for a better understanding.

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  74. Reply to George :
    I agree with you. Not all students can learn understand things by the traditional method of teaching. Split attention effect can help these students by providing a different way of teaching to make them figure out what is being taught by increasing their attention and making them think properly.

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  75. I rather agree to your comment Deelen. I agree to the fact that though Split-attention may make teaching easier, it is not always the case. Split-attention in MLEs may not always be the most appropriate teaching material. In many cases animations and sounds,etc.,especially if not correctly organised, may create more confusions rather than enhance understanding.

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  76. Learning with split-attention elements seems to be an effective way of learning as this enables the student to process simultaneously a large amount of information and interaction since information is presented visually.However other factors like the mind of the student which is already loaded with information,the psyche of his mind, the student's ability to assimilate things should be taken into consideration.

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  77. I agree to what Reena Hansa Seebocus said as one should indeed work by himself to obtain results and not merely depend on the MLE.

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  78. Multimedia if used correctly is an excellent learning tool. It is not a substitute to the existing learning tool, but an improvement over previous multimedia technologies. In the split- attention environment, the students are able to learn better since they use multiple sensory modalities, which motivated them to pay more attention and retain information better.

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  79. I do agree that one of the main effects of multimedia learning environments is the split attention effect. This increases cognitive load which is essentially the limit a learner has to absorb information. As soon as the learner reaches their cognitive load, they no longer absorb information or learn effectively. Additionally, it increases the performance of the learner which results on the marks of the learner. Hence, split attention effect surly increases cognitive load but the “cognitive load” has limitation absorption of information depending on the time that the learner has to learn.

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  80. I do agree that one of the main effects of multimedia learning environments is the split attention effect. This increases cognitive load which is essentially the limit a learner has to absorb information. As soon as the learner reaches their cognitive load, they no longer absorb information or learn effectively. Additionally, it increases the performance of the learner which results on the marks of the learner. Hence, split attention effect surly increases cognitive load but the “cognitive load” has limitation absorption of information depending on the time that the learner has to learn.

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  81. According to me,the split attention method mainly aims at sharpening a learner's understanding power and focusing ability whereas the multimedia learning environment (MLEs) is set to enhance the learning experience of the learner. The division of students into two groups, is to see how much attention they can pay to the subject given and how they can make use of the different sources of information available. The split method is making the learners to work on their own, to understand what information they should look for and hence performing better and sharing their points of views among themselves . The MLEs is a form of learning with modernization which is more effective and adaptable than traditional methods of learning. learning through colors, sounds and pictures can make become more interesting thus captivating the attention and interest of the learner.

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  82. I do agree that one of the main effects of multimedia learning environments is the split attention effect. This increases cognitive load which is essentially the limit a learner has to absorb information. As soon as the learner reaches their cognitive load, they no longer absorb information or learn effectively. Additionally, it increases the performance of the learner which results on the marks of the learner. Hence, split attention effect surly increases cognitive load but the “cognitive load” has limitation absorption of information depending on the time that the learner has to learn.

    ReplyDelete
  83. I do agree that one of the main effects of multimedia learning environments is the split attention effect. This increases cognitive load which is essentially the limit a learner has to absorb information. As soon as the learner reaches their cognitive load, they no longer absorb information or learn effectively. Additionally, it increases the performance of the learner which results on the marks of the learner. Hence, split attention effect surly increases cognitive load but the “cognitive load” has limitation absorption of information depending on the time that the learner has to learn.

    ReplyDelete
  84. I do agree that one of the main effects of multimedia learning environments is the split attention effect. This increases cognitive load which is essentially the limit a learner has to absorb information. As soon as the learner reaches their cognitive load, they no longer absorb information or learn effectively. Additionally, it increases the performance of the learner which results on the marks of the learner. Hence, split attention effect surly increases cognitive load but the “cognitive load” has limitation absorption of information depending on the time that the learner has to learn.

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  85. I do agree with Jeish_29 who said that split attention effect causes a higher cognitive load of working memory, and therefore impedes learning process; however, by combining auditory and visual information sources in multimedia systems, we can promote learning processes especially for learners with low prior knowledge. This will as well help learners build more accurate and effective mental models than they do from text alone.This form of learning will help the less capable students and increase their interest in learning.

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  86. Reply to Sidra:

    I completely agree with you. Split-Attention Elements such as multimedia really helps a student to mesmerise a lesson. Despite the fact that Split-Attention elements must be used correctly, it brings improvement and enhances learning. It helps to motivate students to learn.

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  87. Nicolas Leewys DAVID28 October 2011 at 23:13

    This research is a perfect example of how learners’ process of acquiring knowledge and understanding a specific subject are improved through a diversification of multimedia learning elements. I think that this is because learners are kept awake and these split-attention elements help to the better stimulation and captivation of their senses, thought and concentration. As opposed to a single source of information within a MLE which tends to become tedious and monotonous at a certain point. But I also think that the use of split-attention elements could be inefficient if the information they contain are improperly organised and coordinated.

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  88. I completely agree with DEEPTEE who said that we must design the multimedia environment in such a way that the attention of the students do not get split among the various spoken and graphical information sources used and they drift away during the teaching process. Furthermore, being taught in a split-attention environment proves to be much more fruitful than a non split-attention environment provided everything is designed accordingly.

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  89. Split-attention learning in multimedia environment has caused students performances to improve although cognitive load has increased.The learning experience can be made better by the split-attention elements.Thus it can become one of the basic learning tools in the near future.

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  90. I agree to what sidra said concerning the learning tool as it is an improvement and not a substitute to existing tools.

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  91. The use of sound, animation and text are used in multimedia learning to captivate attention and thus can allow someone to get a better understanding. But it is not the case for each and everything since sometimes the split-attention learning lead to a better comprehension of the subject matter been dealt with. It all depends on the ability of someone to assimilate things and not necessarily on the method of learning adopted.

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  92. According to me Multimedia Learning Environments can be considered as an important learning tool of today. Students find it very easy to tackle large research works as new technologies provide such facilities through multimedia. This method of learning allows students to save a lot of time. They are free to learn at any moment whether it be day or night.

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  93. Alexendrinne has well pointed out the fact that students may lose themselves while trying to concentrate on one specific topic. Not everyone is able to concentrate on 2 things at the same time. It is indeed quite difficult to pay attention if a person has to listen to someone and watch visual effects at the same time. This is a fact which mostly happens during work time or classes. A person is not always able to concentrate on animations and text at the same time. He may thus be able to miss out important points if he is paying too much attention on some animations.

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  94. I agree with what karishma said..Usually, most us people get and do whatever with we want with the information in our brain without knowing what we are doing. However with split-attention, there is a better understanding of what information is being processed..

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  95. I agree to the comment of jesh_29 when she said that the combination of both audio and the visual aspects can promote learning as the capacity of comprehension of each individual is not the same.

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  96. According to me Multimedia Learning Environments are considered to be an important tool of learning today. Students find it easy to tackle large research works as new technologies provide such facility widely through multimedia. They even find it non time consumable as they are free to learn at any moment, whether it be day or night. But the whole responsibility relies upon the students as to the way they should use this precious tool.

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  97. Muhammad Intisaar Peeroo29 October 2011 at 00:07

    Another example is that Split-attention occurs when learners are presented with multiple sources of information that have to be integrated before they can be understood. This principle simply states that instruction should not be designed that causes the learner to have to divide attention between two tasks, such as searching for information to solve a problem or reading a manual while trying to practice a software application on a computer. In the computer example, it is better to have learners read the manual first and then sit down at the computer to practice what they have read.
    It is good to know that split-attention effect has higher cognitive load which students has to learn more in understanding the same material compared to a student which learm for Multimedia Learning Environment.
    Benefits of Multimedia Learning Environment.
    Well-designed multimedia helps learners build more accurate and effective mental models
    than they do from text alone. Shephard synthesized studies showing potential benefits of
    well-designed multimedia, including:
    1. Alternative perspectives
    2. Active participation
    3. Accelerated learning
    4. Retention and application of knowledge
    5. Problem-solving and decision-making skills
    6. System understanding
    7. Higher-order thinking
    8. Autonomy and focus
    9. Control over pacing and sequencing of information
    10. Access to support information
    Mayer also describes potential benefits of multimedia. Given that humans possess visual and
    auditory information processing capabilities, multimedia, he explains, takes advantage of
    both capabilities at once. In addition, these two channels process information quite differently,
    so the combination of multiple media is useful in calling on the capabilities of both systems.
    Meaningful connections between text and graphics potentially allow for deeper understanding
    and better mental models than from either alone.

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  98. Muhammad Intisaar Peeroo29 October 2011 at 00:16

    I agree to what sidra said about multimedia. But the fact is that in the past we don't have this kind of material for Multimedia learning environment but now due to the expanding of the IT sector more and more devices are out which provide a better learning process and recap will be easy for us. From now no need to learn by heart as a result mutimedia enable us to learn ownself by pictures, some words and sound. Having paid more attention a retain information better.

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  99. In the same thoughs of Sharmeen, Multimedia will sure help students to understand well by using Animation and sound to make a subject more interesting and easier to undersatnd.

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  100. I agree with Sweta.
    The split attention effect does help students to understand and grasp the topic in a different way by increasing their learning efficiency, but only to a certain extent.

    In addition to that, not all students have the same learning capabilities, and I believe that split attention elements affect each individual's learning skills in a different way, and cannot be generalized.

    Furthermore, there is a limit to the number of elements among which students can divide their attention in the learning process, as I think that there reaches a point at which they can no more handle all the information they are being provided with simultaneously, which can be overwhelming and stressful.

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  101. Reply to the comment of Guillaume cecile made on the 14 October 2011 21:45:

    Indeed, we all understand efficiently when there is a combination of words and images. We tend to grasp rapidly the information being displayed in front of us as the mind associates firstly the images being shown with the text. Therefore, it is obvious that the learner’s will develop a higher comprehension of the information being taught. Additionally, it is noted that when students do their personal work, look for the resources, they are more predisposed to understand that they are doing.

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  102. I agree with what Gilbert said, he mentioned that it depends on the ability of someone to assimilate things and not necessarily on the method of learning adopted.Yes, indeed, it is true as everyone has his own way of learning and assimilating things at a speed convenient to him.

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  103. The split-attention effect indicates that the use of different information sources causes a higher cognitive load of working memory, and therefore impedes the learning process. The factors allowing someone to tackle multi task operations simultaneously has allowed users to have total control over their mind despite handling several informations at the same time. However, as soon as the learner reaches their cognitive load, they no longer absorb information or learn effectively as it does have a certain limitation ! I fully agree with what MaryamJ said, that there is a limit to the number of elements among which students can divide their attention in the learning process and this may end up badly!

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  104. i think that split attention may help some learners,but definitely all of us do not have the same ability of learning and remembering things.it depends,for example split attention of visual may improve learning whereas split attention using audio may make retention poorer and in all cases ,its also depends on the way this method is applied and in which condition.

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  105. In my opinion, mostly every being have their own way of judging, thinking, understanding and assimilating and I believe that many shared /have the same school of thought which may be right . However, those who used the split-attention learning environment perform better in learning activities better than those who do not. It is such because the cognitive load is increased. The individual learns by listening, watching, reading and then processing and remembering the information. However, the learner is quite active, in a cognitive way, in processing and remembering newly incoming information.

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  106. Split-Attention Elements and Students' Learning in Multimedia Environments

    Split attention effect is the division of attention of learners whereas multimedia learning environments (MLEs) care for the learning experience of the learner. Its aims is to know the effect on the learner when attention is divided between various sources of information and also to know the extent of understanding and performance of two groups of students using the learning environments to learn the same material. Experiments have shown that students using split-attention learning environment perform much better in learning activities compared to the non-split attention environment. Research found that split-attention elements in multimedia environment not necessarily affect performance and understanding as learning performance can also be increased due to previous subject matter and type of assessment methods, etc.

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  107. In my opinion,the split attention technique fir aims ast and foremost aims at developing a learner's understanding power and how focused he/she can be whereas the multimedia learning environment (MLEs) is set to improve the learning experience of the learner. The division of students into two groups, is to see that how attentive they are to the subject how they can make use of the different sources of information available. Indirectly, the split method is making the learners to work on their own, to understand what information they should look for and hence performing better. They can compare their notes with the other group. The MLEs is also a break from the traditional teaching method as some times colours, sounds and pictures can make learning become more interesting and moreover it stimulates the learner to learn better

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  108. In my view,the split attention method mainly to develope a learner's understanding power and how his focusing ability is whereas the multimedia learning environment (MLEs) is set to enhance the learning experience of the learner.The division of students into two separated groups, is assess how much attention they dedicated to the subject given and how they make use of the different sources of information available around them.Yet,instead the split method is making the learners to work on their own, to understand what information they needed and should look for and hence would perform well.On the other hand MLEs is like a freedom from the traditional teaching method as it consists of colours, sounds and pictures which would render learning more interesting and worthy.

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  109. It is said that there are two types of multimedia environments: one which divide attention of learners, that is split attention and another type is that focus on the learning experience of learners. The prime aim of MLEs is to assess the effect on the learner when information is split into multiple sources. Additionally, it also notes the level of understanding of the same content between two groups of students.
    It must be noted that even students who were experiencing split attention had a higher performance level compared to those who were not involved in split learning environment. But a recent study reveals that although students used split attention learning elements in multimedia environment, it was not affecting the understanding and performance level.
    But factors like previous subject matter, knowledge, learning preferences over the learning procedure and also the mode of assessment can help to improve the learner's performance and experience.
    Using 'mark' as a key to differentiate the performance in the split and non split learning environment is not an efficient way of judging, as in today's era, scoring high mark can be done even without having a glance of the subject being taught.

    The split attention environment however is a more comfortable environment for learners as the percentages of grasping information is higher compared to non split environment and provide a combination of various elements, facilitating the learning process of a learner.

    Two experiments investigated alternatives to split-attention instructional designs. It was assumed that because a learner has a limited working memory capacity, any increase in cognitive resources required to process split-attention materials decreases resources available for learning. Using computer-based instructional material consisting of diagrams and text, Experiment 1 attempted to ameliorate split-attention effects by increasing effective working memory size by presenting the text in auditory form. Auditory presentation of text proved superior to visual-only presentation but not when the text was presented in both auditory and visual forms. In that case, the visual form was redundant and imposed a cognitive load that interfered with learning. Experiment 2 ameliorated split-attention effects by using colour coding to reduce cognitive load inducing search for diagrammatic referents in the text. Mental load rating scales provided evidence in both experiments that alternatives to split-attention instructional designs were effective due to reductions in cognitive load

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  110. George says: “It depends on how learners will be able to accumulate information and split-attention effect can be an alternative route for a better understanding from traditional ones and sometimes to make learning interesting it should be well presented.”
    I completely admit that learning at one’s paste is much better than any other methods used. Although, it also poses an extra cognitive demands on the viewers such as animation have higher information content than static graphics, during animation the viewer has less time to observe and process the presented information, in complex animations the viewer needs to attend to many changes in different parts of display and mentally integrate this information, the viewer needs to hold the previous and subsequent frame information in a limited working memory for a substantial amount of time, experiencing a form of the split attention effects.

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  111. Reply Sidra 28 octobre 2011 09:50

    I agree to what sidra said about multimedia. Long ago, we did not have this kind of material for multimedia learning environment but now ,the booming of the IT sector has given birth to more and more devices which provide a better learning process and moreover recap will be easy for us. From now there is no need to learn by heart .As a result mutimedia enable us to self- learn by using pictures, words and sound. By paying more attention information is retained better.

    ReplyDelete
  112. Reply Sidra 28 octobre 2011 09:50

    I agree to what sidra said about multimedia. Long ago, we did not have this kind of material for multimedia learning environment but now ,the booming of the IT sector has given birth to more and more devices which provide a better learning process and moreover recap will be easy for us. From now there is no need to learn by heart .As a result mutimedia enable us to self- learn by using pictures, words and sound. By paying more attention information is retained better.

    ReplyDelete

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The polemic surrounding University Ranking of UniRank (4icu.org) : The case of UoM being 85th in the African Top 100

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